Selectivity modeling of fungicides inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes   

Several Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play a role in steroid hormone synthesis, e.g. aromatase or aldosterone synthase. They can be potently inhibited by fungicides containing azole moieties, thereby potentially interfering with hormone homeostasis. However, the selectivity of CYP inhibition and the respective binding modes of the inhibitors are still poorly understood. This master thesis aims to rationalize the selectivity of CYP inhibition using computational approaches such as pharmacophore modeling and docking studies. The results could help to understand and possibly avoid unintentional CYP inhibition by future fungicides.

Contact: daniela.schuster@clutterpmu.ac.at  Tel: 0699/14420025

Univ.-Prof. Daniela Schuster

Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität

Leiterin Abteilung Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie

Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Österreich 

Dihydrochalcones as multi-target anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer targets: SAR modeling on selected targets    

Dihydrochalcones are natural products with multiple biological activities. For example, they have been shown to act on anti-inflammatory and anti-prostate-cancer targets. This multi-target activity could be an attractive strategy to combat multi-factorial diseases such as cancer in the future. In this project, computational approaches such as docking and pharmacophore-based screening will be used to rationalize the activity data of a series of dihydrochalcones against several targets and to propose improved compounds for future synthesis.

Contact: daniela.schuster@clutterpmu.ac.at Tel: 0699/14420025

Univ.-Prof. Daniela Schuster

Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität

Leiterin Abteilung Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Strubergasse 21, 5020  Salzburg, Österreich 

NO LONGER AVAILABLE

RESIGEST – Does the superbug from my salad make it to my intestine?

Introduction
The demand for a healthy, varied diet goes along with an increased consumption of fresh produce like vegetables, salads, and fruits. These foods are often consumed uncooked or minimally processed, making them an optimal vector of live bacteria for consumers. Apart from occasionally carrying human pathogenic bacteria, fresh produce has been described to harbor antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). The latter usually do not represent a direct health risk in terms of infection. However, if they survive the gastric passage through to the intestine, they might establish and exchange mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with the gut microbiome, complicating later antibiotic treatments.
Project Aim
Currently, very little is known about the extent to which ARB survive the passage through the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT), especially in dependence of the different foods with which they are ingested. The proposed project therefore aims to determine the survival of a set of ARB with clinically relevant resistances in association with different fresh produce, using the in vitro digestive model system INFOGEST [1, 2]. In addition to survival in dependence on the food matrix, the effect of the GIT passage on the maintenance of resistance will also be investigated (e.g., loss of resistance plasmid during the passage).
Material and Methods
A collection of non-pathogenic ARB isolated from fresh produce and its production environment, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Escherichia coli (non-pathogenic BSL1 organism) [3], will be tested with different fresh produce (lettuce, carrot, and strawberries). The methods will include standard microbiological culture techniques, handling of the INFOGEST in vitro system, flow-cytometry (FACS) for bacterial enumeration and live-dead quantification, and an established real-time PCR (qPCR) for quantification of ARGs before, during, and after ARB passage through the in vitro system.

1.    Brodkorb, A., et al., INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion. Nature Protocols, 2019.
2.    Mulet-Cabero, A.I., et al., A standardised semi-dynamic in vitro digestion method suitable for food - an international consensus. Food Funct, 2020.
3.    Gekenidis, M.T., et al., Antibiotic-resistant indicator bacteria in irrigation water: High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. PLoS One, 2018.

Contact: reto.portmann@clutteragroscope.admin.ch / Phone: 079 647 9322

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Workplace:

Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3097 Liebefeld 

Analyse the effects of combination therapy or natural products on a wide range of tumor cells derived from liver, thyroid, breast and biliary tract cancer.

The research focus of the Department of Pharmaceutical Biology at the PMU Salzburg lies on the study of mechanisms involved in cancer pathogenesis, progression and therapy resistance. In this context, the main goal of our group is to optimize cancer treatment strategies through combination therapy of biogenic or synthetic drugs. Moreover, natural products like dihydrochalcones are investigated as potential new therapeutic approach for the treatment of diverse cancers.
A future Master thesis would aim at analysing the effects of combination therapy or natural products on a wide range of tumor cells derived from liver, thyroid, breast and biliary tract cancer. The substance impact is evaluated with state of the art methods including cell viability and toxicity in 2D and 3D cell culture, migration and clonogenic survival assays as well as diverse biochemical techniques (gene- and protein-expression analysis).

Contact: Dr. Petra Huber-Cantonati; petra.cantonati@pmu.ac.at 

Prof.Dr. Johanna Pachmayr in Salzburg, Austria

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Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität

Strubergasse 21, 5020  Salzburg, Österreich